Journal of Global Social Sciences

A systematic review of healthcare professionals and women's experiences and perceptions of colposcopy method of cervical cancer screening in Nigeria

2024-09-06T10:12:04-05:00

Background: Cervical cancer continues to pose a significant public health issue in Nigeria, characterized by high rates of incidence and mortality. Colposcopy is integral to the cervical cancer screening process and its early detection. However, the uptake of colposcopy screening in Nigeria remains suboptimal, with various factors contributing to this phenomenon. Comprehending the experiences and perceptions of healthcare professionals and patients concerning colposcopy for cervical cancer screening is vital to enhance screening initiatives and alleviate the impact of cervical cancer in Nigeria. This systematic review aims to identify the gap in knowledge and synthesize the existing literature on the experiences and perceptions of healthcare professionals and patients regarding colposcopy for cervical cancer screening in Nigeria.

Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in Academic search elite, African journals online (AJOL), CINAHL, MBASE, psycho info, Cochrane, Medline (via PubMed) and Scopus databases from 2010 until March 2023. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool. Thematic analysis was deployed to synthesize the extracted data.

Results: Fourteen (14) studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Most studies were conducted in developed countries and urban settings. The review revealed key themes that were categorized into four: insufficient knowledge/awareness, emotional factors, cultural/religious factors, and organizational/systemic factors.

Conclusion: The review identified barriers to colposcopy screening in Nigeria, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve cervical cancer screening rates. Hence, the need for a qualitative study in rural parts of Nigeria to explore the in-depth understanding of patients' and healthcare professionals’ regarding colposcopy screening utilization.

Effects of banditry on food security in Zamfara State

2024-09-06T10:19:22-05:00

Banditry is a great security issue in the Northeastern part of Nigeria for years. It affected the human life and security of properties. Food security to be precise is one major aspect that is affected where livestock, market and other food related commodities are badly affected in terms of production, consumption and commerce. This paper aims to look in to the effects of banditry on food security in Zamfara State. Selected areas for the study are where data from focus group discussion were derived for the study, it includes among others; Shinkafi, Bakura Maradun and Anka. The study employed Frustration Aggression Theory as the theoretical pedestal to analyze the drive causing food security in the study areas. Among the findings of the study is that, banditry has a great effect on the security of food in the study area, it reduces production, retards other farming activities, destroys livestock, halts commercial activities, causes famine and destroys the environment. Other findings angles on the human security in Zamfara State, lives are not secured, farmlands are abandoned, cattle are rustled which cripples the political economy of Zamfara State. The paper thus recommends a holistic and strategic approach curtail banditry especially in the areas riddled with its effect, farmlands, market places and grazing lands should be adequately protected to secure food and safe peoples’ life. Intelligence on the hideouts of the bandits and their plots should be acquired using traditional or people at the grass root, to detect abnormal activities like huge procurement of food from the markets, drugs from pharmacies, supply of fuel and presence of unknown people in the areas.

Why are there problems with budgeting in hospitals?

2024-09-06T10:24:53-05:00

When global hospital budgeting was first implemented in Holland in 1983, it was anticipated to be a far more helpful tool for controlling costs than traditional retrospective output reimbursement. There is a discussion of the underlying presumptions of hospital budgeting, including the following: it will incentivize hospitals to increase their efficiency; it won't have a detrimental effect on the standard of treatment; it partially restores hospital autonomy; and hospital administrators are competent to execute greater efficiency. Additionally, consideration is given to the structure of external budgeting, how it affects the connection between insurers and hospitals, and the relationship between planning and budgeting. Hospital budgeting has several implications, which are covered in the second section. Hospital budgeting appears to be a successful strategy for controlling costs; it is associated with a decline in hospital output and impacts hospital administration, policy formation, and the public-private healthcare system. The widespread consensus is that hospital budgeting has considerably more benefits than drawbacks regarding cost containment.

Reinforcing the civil service ethics to enhance good governance in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic

2024-10-10T07:16:36-05:00

An honest, selfless, non-partisan, neutral and accountable civil service is a sine qua non for the realization of the policies and programs of the government meant to enhance the socio-economic well-being of the citizens. This study interrogates the Nigerian Civil Service vis-a vis its core values. The central problematic is to find out whether the Nigerian Civil Service functions in accordance with its ethics? And if not; what is the impact of the collapse of the civil service ethics on the performance of the service; and what can be done to re-invigorate the civil service ethics to enhance effective and efficient service delivery to promote good governance. The study which is analytical relies on secondary sources of data and adopts the Public Choice Theory as its frame work of analysis. The study found out that there is collapse of ethics in the Nigerian Civil Service and this has inadvertently enthroned corruption and undermined its efficiency and effectiveness in policy implementation thus diminishing the sectors’ qualitative input to the development of the country. Amongst, other recommendations, the study suggests improvement in the working conditions of civil servants and strengthening institutions and laws that promote accountability.

Crude Oil Theft, Illegal Bunkering and Pipeline Vandalism in Nigeria’s Niger Delta: Effects and National Responses to Curb the Menace.

2024-10-10T08:09:01-05:00

Against the backdrop of the fact that Nigeria lost large scale of petroleum resources valued as huge financial losses to the nation, individuals, and other institutions, this paper examined crude oil theft, illegal bunkering, and pipeline vandalism in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria; effects and national responses. The findings show that crude oil theft, illegal bunkering, and pipeline vandalism have caused adverse effects such as socio-economic losses to Nigeria, environmental pollution and degradation, a threat to national and international security, and caused huge losses to national and international oil companies and individuals. To ensure the smooth operation of the country’s oil industry, various administrations have carried out various national responses to curb the menace. These include enactment of laws, arrest, and prosecution of perpetrators, strengthening security arrangements, the establishment of the Inter-Agency Maritime Security Task Force (IAMSTF) and the Nigerian Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI), granting of amnesty to ex-militants and collaboration with regional and international partners to curb the menace of crude oil theft, illegal bunkering and pipeline vandalism in the Niger Delta. Therefore, the paper concluded that it is due to faulty implementation of such national responses that the phenomenon is unabated.