Regional security challenges in West Africa and the imperative for the ECOWAS military intervention

Abstract

The region of West Africa has been plagued by various security challenges, ranging from armed conflicts and political instability to terrorism and organized crime. These challenges have had a profound impact on the stability and development of the sub-region, hindered economic growth, and posed threats to regional peace. The Economic Community of West African States has emerged as a key player in addressing these security challenges through its military intervention efforts. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the regional security challenges in West Africa and highlight the imperative for the ECOWAS military intervention. This paper endeavors to provide a comprehensive analysis of the regional security challenges in West Africa and the imperative for ECOWAS military intervention, offering insights into the multifaceted nature of security threats and the intricacies of addressing them through regional mechanisms. By examining the lessons learned from previous ECOWAS military interventions in countries like Liberia and Sierra Leone, this paper aims to understand the role and contribution of ECOWAS integration in regional peace, security, conflict prevention, management, and resolution. Using content analysis, the paper assesses the effectiveness of ECOWAS mechanisms for conflict management and evaluate their achievements in addressing regional security challenges. Furthermore, the paper will explore the need for peacebuilding efforts that address underlying issues such as poverty, human rights abuses, and election fraud. The paper also delves into the challenges and limitations faced by ECOWAS in its military interventions and propose recommendations for strengthening its capacity to effectively address the security challenges in West Africa. Additionally, it will analyze the evolving nature of security threats in the region and the adaptability of ECOWAS responses to these dynamic challenges. Finally, the paper concludes that the complex security concerns confronting West Africa demand a cohesive, coordinated response by international powers, backed by regional and sub-regional bodies.